O-Level History and Culture of Pakistan Paper 1 Ayub Khan

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Came up to rule by martial law.

He thought that army needs to rule now to restore stability to the country. He did not like the politicians because of their criticism of the army and general Ayub. East Pakistan was becoming rebellious so to put down their power and to start development in the country, Ayub Khan took over the rule.

Gave us the 1962 Constitution.

Introduced System of Basic Democracies.

Agricultural Reforms: Redistribution of lands for a better output. Big landowners were forced to find tenants. 3 major dams were built to aid agriculture. Loans to build wells were given. Ayub brought about the Green Revolution.

Industrial Reforms:

Loans from Western countries were taken. Oil refinery in 1962 and Mineral Development Corporation. RCD was signed for industrial and trade development. Export Bonus Scheme for exporting industries. However with the increase of Industry Pakistan became dependant on Foreign Aid.

Social and Economic Reforms:

New curriculum and textbooks. More schools were built. Laws were passed to benefit and help refugees and shelter less. Family Planning Programme. More Medical nursing training and training schools to increase the number of doctors and nurses.

New Capital:

Government moved from Karachi to Islamabad for more central area for administration far from the trade centre Karachi.